The Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders...

History of DSM The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is a mental health diagnostic system that allow clinicians (i.e. psychiatrics, psychologists, social workers, occupational therapists and nurses) to have a common understanding of mental health conditions (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2000). It also enables clinicians, pharmaceutical companies, researchers and policy-makers to make clear decisions around access to services and treatment guidelines for the clients. The first version of the DSM was published in 1952 (APA, 1952) and major updates were made in 1968 and 1980, which subsequently became DSM-II and DSM-III (APA, 1968; APA, 1980). DSM-III was considered to have the most significant changes from its previous two iteration (Widiger Mullins-Sweatt, 2008; Widiger Trull, 2007). First, the DSM-III moved away from the psychodynamic underpinnings of the previous editions which resulted in terminology used that does not reflect a particular theory of therapy. Secondly, the introduction of the multiaxial assessment system allowed clinicians to give a more comprehensive diagnosis, where psychiatric problems were described on each of the five axes respectively: Clinical Syndromes / Disorders(Axis I), Personality Disorders / Mental Retardation(Axis II), Medical Conditions(Axis III), Psychosocial and Environmental Stressors(Axis IV), and Global Assessment of Functioning(Axis V)(APA, 1980). Thirdly, it made use of specific diagnosticShow MoreRelate dThe Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ( Dsm ) Of Mental Disorders965 Words   |  4 PagesThe Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) of Mental Disorders, fifth edition, defines a person with autism spectrum disorder as having persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction. This includes having deficits in social-emotional reciprocity, deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors used for social interaction, and deficits in developing, maintaining, and understanding relationships. Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder, which concludes that it consists of developmentalRead MoreIn The Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorder ( DSM-5 )?1716 Words   |  7 PagesIn the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM–5) there are a number of disorders that are proposed as conditions for further study, including nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) disorder (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013). According to the prop osed diagnostic criteria, an individual must have engaged in self-injury behavior (e.g., cutting, burning, scraping) on the surface of their body, at least five times over the last year, without suicidal intent. AdditionallyRead MoreThe Shortcomings Of The Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders ( Dsm )3204 Words   |  13 Pagesfor the repeal of this defence. However, this would only lead to more problems than answers. So long as there are mentally ill individuals in society, this defence is warranted despite any of its deficiencies. For individuals experience some form of mental illness who come into contact with the criminal justice system, this defence allows them to attain the counselling and treatment they require. Before a verdict can be rendered, the courts administer a rigorous test and ensure that those individualsRead MoreThe Diagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorder ( Dsm 5 ) Essay1345 Words   |  6 PagesGender dysphoria becomes known as a di sorder when it fits certain criteria. Treatment is available when needed. There are speculations on the cause, but no real answer. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM-5) made changes to ensure clinical care that is proper and without stigma for individuals with gender dysphoria. The DSM-5 does provide an overarching diagnosis, but with specific criteria for children and for adolescents and adults (DSM, 2013). A marked discrepancy betweenRead MoreDiagnostic And Statistical Manual Of Mental Disorders ( Dsm ) Defines Substance Abuse As Addiction Essay1423 Words   |  6 Pages Definitions Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) defines substance abuse as addiction. Addiction is defined by abuse and dependence. â€Å"Abuse† is use that impairs an individual person’s ability to function. â€Å"Dependence† is physical withdraw, and centering one’s life around obtaining and using the substance (Kaye and David, 2014). Like a lot of populations those individuals who suffer from substance abuse have terms they are referred to that are offensive to them and their diseaseRead MoreWhy There Is Conflict Over The Dsm 51432 Words   |  6 PagesWhy There Is Conflict over the DSM-5 Brenda Anwar Guilford Technical Community College While there has been conflict over the DSM, the DSM is considered to be the Bible of diagnostic in psychiatry. The American Psychiatric Association published the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and provides a common language and standard criteria for the classification of mental disorders. (DSM) The DSM has attracted controversy and criticism as well as praise since it has been usedRead MoreCase Study Abnormal Psychology951 Words   |  4 Pages(Psychology facts, 2007). Jim behavior is statistically abnormal because he is notably poles apart from the society norm, his behavior has low score in the society distributed acceptable qualities DSM-IV refers to the â€Å"Diagnostic and statistical Manual of mental disorders.† It defines mental disorder as a clinical considerable psychological or behavioral pattern that occurs in individuals and link with the current distress like painful symptom or disability, such as impairment of substantial sphereRead MoreCritical Analysis of the Dsm Iv Tr1073 Words   |  5 Pagesof the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders The International Classification of Diseases (ICD 10) published by the World health organisation and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) published by the American Psychiatric Association are the most widely used classifications of mental disorders throughout the world. These classification systems were created to provide a common language and standard criteria for the classification of mental disorders thus allowingRead MoreDiagnostic And Diagnostic Classification System Essay1621 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Mental health disorders has been very strenuous and complex to understand and diagnose, many diagnosis criteria such as DSM have been used to determine the disorders and medication (Szabo, 2011). I am asserting that â€Å"Yes, Psychopathology diagnostic classification systems (such as the DSM or ICD) are of little use to health professionals and patients because behaviours are often misidentified and medicalised†. To assert this, this paper is going to explore four main topics that contributeRead MoreStrengths and Weaknesses of the Dsm1054 Words   |  5 PagesDSM-IV: Strengths and Weaknesses The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is currently the most frequently used way of standardizing and defining psychological disorders. However, the classification systems such as DSM have advantages and disadvantages. The major weakness of DSM is that it judges symptoms superficially and ignores other possible important factors. The major strength of DSM is that it enables categorization of psychological disorders. The first edition

So Much Social Networking Essay - 574 Words

As of today, there are a bunch of social networking sites available to us. Some we probably don’t even know about, while new ones are in the process of getting made. The most popular ones that we all use to present day, in no particular order, are Facebook, Twitter, and Pinterest, and maybe many more, but the one I want to talk about in this essay is my favorite one of all, Tumblr. Some of us might have a Tumblr account; some of us probably don’t even know what Tumblr is. Well, I would be delighted to tell you. Tumblr is a social networking site and is also a blogging site. You’ll see that mostly teens and young adults use Tumblr, maybe even some older people. When I first got an account I instantly got hooked to it. Some people may tell†¦show more content†¦I see posts and I’m like, â€Å"OMG that is totally me†or, â€Å"Gosh why are these girls so pretty and I’m not?† It’s always mixed emotions when I get on Tumblr. Another downside to Tumblr is the nasty and disturbing images. I get so grossed out by the stuff I see sometimes. One minute there’s pictures of flowers, cute couples, pictures of beautiful scenery, and then there’s the pictures of nasty people self harming themselves and people naked and having sex. It’s just not a pleasant sight to see. How can someone put their stuff out like that? It is just torture. I remember there was this one GIF, which are animated pictures, and someone had a gun pointing in his mouth and he pulls the trigger and you see blood and everything just explode out of his head. Yeah, it’s sad that people commit suicide and cut themselves, but don’t go posting pictures about it, just talk to someone about it. In conclusion, Tumblr is a very good thing, but it can be a very bad thing in my opinion. Even with all the pictures that are nasty and the pictures that make me insecure, I still love Tumblr and will never stop loving it. Wh en people share their thoughts and feelings on Tumblr, it’s not our place to judge them, it’s to encourage them and help them through it. I don’t know how many posts I have seen where I am going through the same thing in this crazy world. After talking about it, I made the decision to writeShow MoreRelatedThe Effects of Facebook to Study Habits1734 Words   |  7 PagesCollege High School Department S.Y. 2011 - 2012 THE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL NETWORKING TO THE STUDY HABITS OF 4TH YEAR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS A Thesis Presented To: Mrs. Ma. Teresa C. Radovan In Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirements In English IV Submitted by: Juan Paulo Concepcion Renz Daniel Tenedero Jeffrey Sanchez John Lemuel Lastimado Jeoffrey Asuncion March 2011 CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM INTRODUCTION As many as you know, social networks have been famous since 2001 with Friendster, MySpaceRead MoreSocial Networking Has Caused More Harm Than Good to People923 Words   |  4 Pagesthe motion that social networking has done more harm than good to Nigerian youths. Social networking has become a major part of society. Even big businesses and celebrities are jumping on the social networking bandwagon. Many people wake up each day and check social websites first thing in the morning instead of reaching for a newspaper. According to Mashable.com, as of June 2010, American Internet users spend more than 22 percent of their online time using a social networking site. Since peopleRead MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages of Social Networking Essay1623 Words   |  7 Pageset cetera. The form of communication that has rapidly increased over the years is social networking sites, such as Facebook, Twitter, MySpace, Google Plus, et cetera. In fact, according to Pew Internet, as of 2012, eighty-one percent of teenagers who use the Internet are using it for social networking sites (Madden et al.). Furthermore, as of May 2013, seventy-two percent of adults who are online are social networking sites users, which is five percent higher than a year ago and sixty- four percentRead MoreThe Impact of Social Media on Youth and Adults1646 Words   |  7 Pages Overview of topic and issues discussed Social networks like Facebook, Myspace and Twitter allow individuals to connect with anyone from coworkers to former classmates. The accessibility of these connections allow for individuals to feel easily connected to a larger community, but they have downsides. From false senses of connection, to data pervasiveness ,social networking is something that effects all groups within our culture to the point where we will have to decide if it is benefical orRead MoreThe Use of Social Networking Sites1657 Words   |  7 PagesAdvantages, Abuses and Dangers. Their Advantages, Abuses and Dangers. The Use of Social Networking Sites The Use of Social Networking Sites Introduction: Human beings by and large are social. They feel an inherent need to connect and expand their connections. There is a deep rooted need among humans to share. In the past, due to geographical distances and economic concerns, connections between people were limited. A social network is made up of individuals that are connected to one another by a particularRead MoreThe Impact Of Internet On The Internet1681 Words   |  7 Pagesabout pretty much anything. The development of the internet age has enabled people to inhabit a life at a faster speed. In today’s society, many people across the world are accessing the internet multiple times a day. It makes people’s lives very easily from a different side. Many people use the internet on their smartphones and check their email, Facebook, bank account balance, etc. via the internet. However, one of these things, most of the people busy with their social networking sites than theRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effects On Society1359 Words   |  6 PagesPeople may say social media is good for you but is it really? Everyday, everywhere I always see people on social media calling people bad names, not being able to communicate face to face with each other. Social media, social media, social media†¦ oh what is has done to the world, so many students grades have dropped, criminals PROMOTE crimes. Ultimately, what is at stake here is social media will one day take over the world. People’s safety will be in danger, crimes will increase, people will getRead MoreShould Parents Enforce The Usage Of Social Networking From Youth? Essay1518 Words   |  7 PagesShould parents enforce the usage of social networking from youth? For some youth and parents, the answer is clear - social networking does more harm than good. Not everyone thinks the same, however. For example, many people believe that allowing kids to utilize technology into kids’ or teens’ lives allows positive outcomes and new opportunities. Yet, what people have not realize is that some people are so busy on social networking that they do not comprehend the damage that it is doing to yo u children’sRead MoreSocial Media And Social Networking1636 Words   |  7 Pagesalso known as social networking. Social networking is known as â€Å"forms of electronic communication (as Web sites for social networking and microblogging) through which users create online communities to share information, ideas, personal messages, and other content. (Meriam Webster).† Social networking has evolved over the decades starting off as only email to now many different ways to communicate; along with the way that it is used has grown. While the benefits of social networking include ease ofRead MoreSocial Networking And Its Impact On Society1350 Words   |  6 Pagesusers of social networking, increase the amount of social networking being used each and every day. From January 2008 to January 2014 â€Å"the use of online social networking sites such as Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, LinkedIn, and Pinterest went up from twenty six percent to seventy four percent† (†Å"Social Networking ProCon.org†). Spending too much time on social networking, causes some of the people to become distracted from their school, work, and their everyday lives. Social networking is a distraction

Herbal Market Free Essays

MALAYSIA HERBAL MARKET Currently, the value of global herbal market for nutraceuticals is at USD 70 billion and USD 20 billion for phytomedicines with an average growth rate between 15 to 20 percent annually. While the Malaysia herbal market is valued at RM 4. 55 billion 0f which 90 percent of the raw material used was imported. We will write a custom essay sample on Herbal Market or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is with this potential in mind that Malaysia’s herbal industry can be one of the agriculture Entry Point Projects under the National Key Economic Areas in the Economic Transformation Programme. According to the Agriculture and Agro-Based Industry Minister Datuk Seri Noh Omar, Malaysia’s fast growing herbal industry is expected to contribute about RM2. 2 billion to Gross National Product (GNP) by 2020. While the world market for herbal products is expected to exceed RM2 trillion by 2020 from RM777 billion in 2009, the local herbal market was likely to grow 15 percent annually from RM7 billion in 2010 to about RM29 billion by 2020. Moreover, Malaysia has been listed as the 12th most biodiversity nation in the world and ranks fourth in Asia. We have over 15,000 flowering plants and over 3000 species of medicinal plants in our rich biodiversity tropical rainforest. Of these about 200 are being used as herbal remedies and approximately 50 species are commonly used in traditional medicine preparation. Furthermore, Malaysians quite familiar for the uses of herbal products as our multi-ethnic communities have been practicing traditional medicine with herbal plants for centuries. In rural area, some of them still use poultices, myriad brews and pastes derived from herbal plants or used it for the purpose of physical ailments and beauty treatments. Therefore, upon realize the significance of herb, our government had given financial support to research work related to herbs in term of Intensified Research in Priority Areas (IRPA) grants, the focus areas by the National Biotechnology Directorate, as well as other grant schemes. For example, RM25 million had been allocated by the government for a local company to conduct clinical research on Tongkat Ali in order to securing approval from the US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA). Our government also support the effort that try to make halal pharmaceutical products being proved by the Halal standard for the pharmaceutical industry in order to protect the interests of Muslim consumers and all consumers in general the world over. Not only these, certain implementations also have been taken in view of turning Malaysia into a global herbal producer. World Health Organization (WHO) consistently reported that 80% of the world’s population depends on herbal medicine. There also a growing trend of people moving from synthetic allopathic drugs to herbal cures. This is because consumers realize the importance of health versus diseases, the changes in lifestyle, the growing of synthetic medical cost, and the growing knowledge of consumers about traditional medicines. Many consumers have known that the effective of herbal cures are the results of thousands years of herbal healing framework development through practise and error, observation, analysis and study. Moreover, there have been some high profile natural based cures such as Taxol plant for breast cancer and the Bintangor plant for AIDS. In order to achieve the goal stated in the previous paragraph, the highest standard of manufacturing should be included to be able to compete in terms of quality, safety, efficacy, pricing, and branding of products, as well as efficient distribution network and meeting international health certification standards. We also need to increase the domestic consumption by strengthen the domestic demand for Malaysian health foods and medicine besides reduce reliance on imported medicine, according to the speech by TAN SRI NOR MOHAMED YAKCOP. The ministry of health also has been diligently monitoring the herbal products in the market as well as conducted random sampling of herbal products to ensure that the standards of these products remain the same as the specified standards registered by the manufacturers. Notable markets for Malaysians herbal producer are USA, Europe, China, Japan and the Middle-east countries. This is important to ensure that our herbal product to penetrate the global export market. How to cite Herbal Market, Papers

Cloud Computing Conceptual Basis Computing

Question: Discuss about the Cloud Computing for Conceptual Basis Computing. Answer: Cloud computing has formed the infrastructural and the conceptual basis for tomorrows computing. The global computing infrastructure is moving towards the cloud-based architecture (Rountree and Castrillo, 2014). The recent developments in the field of the cloud computing has immensely changed on the way of computing as well as the concept of computing of the resources. In a cloud based computing infrastructure, the resources are usually in someone else network and it can be accessed remotely by the cloud users (Carstensen, Morgenthal and Golden, 2012). The study that is presented in this paper is mainly organized with the view of discussing and identifying the approach of cloud computing as well as the security issues and the concern that must be taken into account towards the deployment of cloud based computing infrastructure. References Rountree and I. Castrillo, Basics of cloud computing. Amsterdam: Elsevier Syngress, 2014. Carstensen, J. Morgenthal and B. Golden, Cloud Computing. Ely: IT Governance Publishing, 2012.

Campus Involvement Essays - Brian Welch, Converts To Christianity

Campus Involvement Campus Involvement Once again, as the fall semester rolled around this school year, I was busier than the previous year. I have always been involved in student life, and each semester since I have attended Lee, my involvement seems to grow, as do I. My first semester, I was a senate member in the Student Leadership Council (SLC), and I played intramurals. The next year, I was a cabinet member of the SLC. I was stretched beyond belief compared to my previous leadership experiences, but I was very happy. This year, once again I am involved more than ever and being stretched more than ever as I am the Residence Director (RD) at Tharp Hall as well as a senate member on the SLC. My job is more than a student job. The job is a staff job with staff benefits. Being a RD is hard to define because the job is always changing, as am I. Being a RD includes everything from reporting maintenance requests, enforcing school rules, promoting spiritually enriching activities, to providing social activities, creating an a cademic but yet fun living environment, working through conflicts, coping with emergencies, doing reports for Marchese, Tilley, McClung, and others, doing my ?special duty, etc. The list grows every day. I got involved in Residential Life for several reasons. The first is that someone asked me to apply. The benefits were good so I tried it. The second reason is that I knew I wanted to be involved, but I did not know in what at the end of last year. I did not want to continue my position as Secretary for Community Service, but I did want to continue to be involved and challenged somehow. The third reason is because I was hired to encourage community service in the dorms. I really enjoy working with groups of girls, but until now I have never had the opportunity to do so formally. I feel the Lord has definitely placed me here for a reason. Since I have been a part of Residential Life as well as other leadership positions, I have learned many important leadership lessons. Before I came to Lee, I had not thought much about my leadership style, my philosophy, or anything of the sort. This year, I have thought more about it than ever. Before I even started this position, I wrote out my leadership philosophy the best I could. My leadership philosophy majors on issues like integrity, trust, and honesty. I believe in being a servant first. People must serve those so called ?below? them. I believe in having a clear sense of vision and a mission. Without a vision, where would a leader be leading his/her followers to? I believe a leader must know where they are going. Since I actually started the job my leadership style and philosophy has been tweaked continually. I am always trying to be constantly aware of leadership lessons. I now try to major on things like celebrating victories and making people feel appreciated, setting cl ear expectations for both my RA's and my residents, modeling the way, building relationships, etc. For instance, to set clear expectations for my RA's, I developed a RA handbook personalized to Tharp Hall and my leadership style to let them know how exactly I lead and precisely what is expected of them. I have learned many great leadership lessons this year. Depending on whether great means the hardest or if great means the most important, one of the greatest leadership lessons I have learned is the value of building relationships. I started the semester off with a RA retreat with just the staff from Tharp Hall. We did not talk about any dorm stuff. Instead, we just bonded. As the weeks go by, each week or every two weeks I try to maintain that relationship with my RA's by having an outing with just the four of us unrelated to dorm life. As a result, my RA's are close to each other as well as with me. Our meetings are comfortable and fun. Even through hard times, we can easily serve each other better because we have a bond. On an even more important level, a RD's

Business Ethics Essay Environmental Ethics Essays

Business Ethics Essay Environmental Ethics Essays Business Ethics Essay Environmental Ethics Paper Business Ethics Essay Environmental Ethics Paper Especially prevalent to the discussion of environmental damage caused by genuineness are resource based economies including Canada, where the centralization of raw materials such as lumber, oil and coal have created unique ethical dilemmas. Modern society must aim to determine which ethical boundaries to set for businesses that will not overly inflate operating costs, but will reduce the impact of business on the environment. Businesses have a fiduciary duty to shareholders in order to keep their business competitive, but must also realize their obligation to maintain environmental standards for the preservation of our society and earth. This essay seeks to outline environmental concerns in three major Canadian natural resource industries including oil and gas, mining and lumber. Additionally, pertinent aspects of the contemporary legal framework aimed at reducing environmental damage caused by businesses will be discussed. Finally, possible solutions to these environmental concerns and methods of improving our legal framework will be analyzed. Ultimately, the following is an examination of deficiencies in business ethics as they pertain to the environment and how we as a society can improve. Problem Scope Canadian Oil Industry: The oil industry in Canada has taken precedence in contemporary media regarding its impact on the environment. In Canada oil represents a primary economic commodity, with the industry for mining and oil accounting for approximately 7% of gross domestic product (Statistics Canada, 2013). Canadas oil and gas industry which resides primarily in the province of Alberta is commonly referred to as the Tar Sands and has received harsh criticism domestically and internationally over their methodology of extracting oil and gas. Problems associated with the oil and gas sector in Canada include those retaining to the exploration, drilling, development, production, and decommissioning activities required to extract the raw material to be sold commercially. Exploration activities refer to the process of locating oil and gas, which usually requires the usage of acoustic equipment. Acoustic noise has been identified as a primary problem affiliated with the exploration of oil and gas (Tribal Energy and Environmental Information). Acoustic noise refers to the process of creating large sound waves using tools such dynamite for seismic sensors to interpret. The ramifications of using explosives and other vices capable of creating these sound waves can be disruptive to the ecosystems surrounding oil and gas fields. Similarly, the air quality surrounding sites where exploration activities are occurring can be jeopardized (Tribal Energy and Environmental Information). The tools used to collect seismic including dynamite, moving equipment and exhaust from pertinent machinery can create air quality problems, further exacerbating the problems discussed above (Tribal Energy and Environmental Information). Decreased air quality can have a substantial impact on the wild life and ecosystems surrounding potential drill sites. Additionally, the moving equipment used in appraising potential drilling locations can cause soil compression and damage resulting in poor aeration, permeability and water holding capabilities of soil (Tribal Energy and Environmental Information). The second phase of extracting natural gas and crude oil includes drilling and developing well sites. Drilling and development of oil and gas wells results in significant damage to the environment as a result of the industrial nature of the extraction process. Air quality is a major issue during the drilling ND development stage as emissions generated by vehicles, diesel fueled machinery, generators, blasting activities and mixing concrete can severely impact the natural habitats surrounding drill sites (Tribal Energy and Environmental Information). In addition to air quality problems, hazardous materials and waste management are another area of ecological concern in regards the production of oil and gas (Tribal Energy and Environmental Information). Hazardous materials including the spillage of crude oil have become a major problem facing the industry. Especially pertinent to the concussion of hazardous materials is the relatively modern extraction technique used in the oil and gas industry called franking. Franking involves the extraction of natural gas using chemically treated water which is pumped into shale formations or coal beds (Commission, 2013). It is estimated that more than one million liters of this chemically treated water may be required during the process of franking a single well (Commission, 2013). These findings have lead to beliefs that the franking process may be causing water contamination above and below ground due to the presence of hazardous Heimlich in the water utilized by oil and gas companies (Commission, 2013). The final step in the process of oil and gas extraction relates to production, transportation and decommissioning of oil and gas related assets (Tribal Energy and Environmental Information). First, producing oil and gas from drilled wells is a complicated process involving large amounts of heavy machinery and often occurs under less than ideal circumstances. With the large demand for fuel in contemporary society oil and gas companies have been forced to increase production rates. The increased production rate has deed to the depletion of many onshore oil and gas reserves. Accordingly, oil and gas companies have recently targeted reserves in offshore locations such as the North Sea and Gulf of Mexico. While large reserves of oil and gas do exist in these remote locations, the difficulty and technical expertise required to successfully extract them creates a multitude of challenges related to the environment. In 201 0 the world witnessed the dangers associated with offshore oil and gas production when British Petroleum (BP) experienced the Departed Horizon oil spill. The event highlighted the expertise required to successfully acquire offshore reserves and the potential ramifications of failing to utilize proper safe guards while producing offshore oil and gas. The results of the spill were horrific with oil littering coast lines surrounding the Gulf of Mexico. The spill resulted in such immense natural destruction that following litigation BP was ordered to undergo an extensive cleanup of the surrounding regions and provide financial reimbursement to citizens who had lost income due to the destruction of marine areas surrounding the Gulf of Mexico. Although this industry example falls outside of Canada, similar eroticism have been made toward the Canadian oil and gas industry resulting from corporate initiatives aimed at building nationwide pipelines that would help Alberta to mobiles its crude oil in order to reach new profitable foreign markets. Problem Scope Canadian Lumber Industry: The lumber industry represents another leading contributor to gross domestic product in Canada, accounting for approximately 1% of national GAP (Statistics Canada, 2009). Lumber has been harvested to produce pulp and paper throughout Canadas history. Paper manufacturing began in Canada during the 1 sass and was created using wood pulp (Wellington, 997). The industry began to flourish in the 1 asss in Ontario and sasss in British Colombia, becoming the mainstay of the Atlantic Canadian economy (Wellington, 1997). Despite the relative importance of the lumber industry in Canada, the collection of lumber as a raw material and the sale of lumber products for commercial purposes created numerous environmental concerns. The commercial usages of lumber have resulted in the extensive clear-cutting of forests in order to supply mills. The lumbers mills also represent a major contributor to air and water pollution. Mills producing leached pulp in Canada have drawn great criticism in recent years over accusations that chemicals used to create bleached pulp were being improperly discharged into the natural environment (Wellington, 1997). The act of extracting lumber is creating peripheral damage to the environment, including soil erosion. Forests play an important role in filtering water and holding soil in place. Due to the clear-cutting of many forested areas soil erosion has created fluctuations in the flow of Water during various Seasons of the year. The result of clear cutting forests and soil erosion include periods f intense flooding or drought (Forest Monitor). These periods of drought can result in poor performance in other agricultural industries which rely on rainfall to grow crops such as the potato, canola and corn industries. Forest fires represent a second peripheral environmental concern related to the clear-cutting of forests in Canada (Forest Monitor). Studies have recently acknowledged that many of the large scale forest fires visible in contemporary media have been the direct result or exacerbated by the logging industries clear cutting practices (Forest Monitor). Similarly, logging in Canada has caused substantial damage to the marine ecosystem. Debris caused by logging have caused damage to local rivers and eventually the surrounding oceans where they contribute to the destruction of mangroves and coral reefs, which represent habitats crucial for the prosperity of aquatic life (Forest Monitor). Problem Scope Canadian Mining Industry: Mining is a large contributor to Canadian gross domestic product and similar to the oil and lumber industries in regards to environmental destructiveness. Several forms of mining exist including open pit mining, underground mining and in situ leach mining. Open pit mining is the most common form of mining and involves the excavation of strategic minerals from open pits in the earth (Technology, 2012). This form of mining is particularly destructive due to its propensity to displace large amounts of rock and vegetation in order to create the pits necessary to locate mineral concentrations (Technology, 2012). Additionally, the process of mining unearths minerals and rocks which have been underground for long periods of time and can possess dangerous characteristics similar to radioactive materials, asbestos and metallic dust (Technology, 2012). These harmful substances can be displaced into the environment resulting in poor air quality and damage to surrounding ecosystems and bodies of water. In situ leach mining represents a second distinct form of mining involving the dilution of ore bodies to retrieve strategic minerals (Technology, 2012). This form of mining is often perceived to be less environmentally damaging than conventional forms of mining; however, due to the corrosive acids used to dissolve ore bodies this form of mining is still far from ideal. Corrosive chemicals used in situ leach mining can run into local bodies of water and intimate local ecosystems resulting in long-term damage (Technology, 2012). The Contemporary Canadian Society and Business Ethics: Following the analysis of several major Canadian industries and their related environmental issues, we will now analyze the corporate, societal and legal landscape present in Canada today as it pertains to business ethics and the environment. Contemporary Canadian society is evolving rapidly, with greater emphasis being placed on how businesses participate in the preservation of the environment. Technological advancements such as the internet and social Edie applications have allowed consumers to rapidly obtain news relating to businesses, making environmental negligence increasingly visible to the public. Contemporary media plays a large role in vilifying businesses that fail to meet these regulations, which frequently results in reputation damage for the business. These reputation damages can lead to lost sales, public distrust and even litigation. Conversely, Canadas population and international trade are increasing, which is creating additional necessity for businesses to exploit natural resources and fulfill fiduciary duties to shareholders. This conflict of interests must be managed carefully by Canadian businesses and law makers. Canadian society has identified that a large ethical gap exists between the societys production capability and ability to exude moral responsibility when faced with environmental dilemmas. TO combat this ethical gap laws and regulations have been implemented in an attempt to reduce future environmental disparities. The Legal Framework Governing Environmental Standards in Canada: Canada has remained at the forefront of environmental regulation and accountability for many years, employing numerous acts and regulations to ensure that businesses account for societal expectations while interacting with nature (Environment Canada, 2013). Regulations and acts in Canada are derived and implemented by Environment Canada, which is responsible for preserving and enhancing the quality of the natural environment, providing meteorological services, and coordinating policies and programs to achieve environmental objectives (Environment Canada, 2013). Accordingly, this committee is responsible for overseeing (Environment Canada, 201 3): Monitoring air and water quality and emissions of greenhouse gases. Controlling the level of toxic substances in commercial products. Forecasting meteorological patterns and reporting on weather conditions. Consulting with Canadians, regulated stakeholders, researchers and governments. Researching and protecting the habitat of migratory birds and species at risk. Permitting and, when necessary, preventing international trade in hazardous waste, hazardous recyclable materials and endangered species. Promoting, inspecting and enforcing regulatory requirements. Many of these regulations are the result of the Canadian Environmental Protection Act of 1 999, created y the Parliament of Canada. However, a large number of contributing regulatory acts aim to provide direction to businesses and society in regards to the environment (Saxes Law Office, 2011): The Fisheries Act Canadian Environmental Assessment Act. Species at Risk Act. Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act. Canada Shipping Act. Hazardous Products Act. Pest Control Products Act. Businesses operating in Canada must become familiar with the framework Outlined by the Government of Canada in regards to the environment, due to the serious legal consequences associated with failing to comply with regulatory standards. Consequences for businesses failing to comply with Environment Canadas regulations include litigation resulting in a prison sentence or community service, requests to monitor or reduce a particular behavior and various other forms of preventative measures (Saxes Law Office, 201 1). Improving Environmental Ethics in Business: Following the examination of environmental issues facing Canadians and the legal framework currently employed in Canada to combat environmental negligence, how can Canadians improve the environmental standards of businesses participating within their domestic market and/or abroad? The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (COED) in the Netherlands has proposed a process for improving the rate of compliance with environmental regulations and improving standards outlined by local governments and businesses to ensure environmental stability (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2013). First, the COED proposes that organizations maintain a system of environmental management appropriate to their particular enterprise. This would include the collection and analysis of complete and timely information regarding the health, safety and environmental consequences of their organizations operations (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2013). COED recommends outlining measurable goals pertaining to resource consumption and reducing the organizations carbon footprint. Organizations must consider operational costs and matters of privacy when creating or upholding environmental goals and regulations, as employees have a fiduciary duty to shareholders in addition to environmental responsibilities. Additionally, organizations must act in a transparent fashion and inform the public of any potential health or environmental concerns relating to their operation. Similarly, when regulations cannot be upheld and environmental issues surface the public must be immediately consulted with timely information relating to the problem and its resolution. Organizations should create product life cycles and attempt to forecast potential environmental threats. Once the environmental threats of operations have been identified a contingency plan must be created to minimize the negative impact of these events should they occur. Finally, businesses must continually seek methods of reducing their carbon footprint. As discussed in the introduction to this essay, organizations must recognize that being environmentally friendly transcends compliance with environmental regulations. Businesses must make every attempt to reduce their carbon footprint and improve the ecosystem. Accordingly, organizations should aim for continual improvement in regards to the maintenance of the environment by utilizing education and politics to help improve their surrounding ecosystems. Educating employees and using corporate clout to sway environmental regulations can reflect positively on businesses and help them to remain competitive in the economy (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2013). Conclusion: Businesses must recognize that to remain competitive in the economy, the economy must continue to exist. Remaining competitive in the marketplace must become secondary to preserving the marketplace and the health and wellbeing of its participants. Similarly, businesses that fail to recognize the importance of going green will limit their competitive advantage or destroy their public image entirely. As discussed, large organizations such as British Petroleum have experienced the frightening public exposure brought about by failing to comply with environmental regulations. By employing the tragedies discussed above the ethical gap between societys production capability and ability to exude moral responsibility in regards to the environment will be minimized.

Knowledge management questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Knowledge management questions - Assignment Example People establish knowledge through observation, patterns of recurrence and finally generalizing and abstraction. He also explained the phenomena in nature which cannot be perceived by the senses as those which can be explained by the intuition (AMDS 8800 Study Notes; Barnes 72-74). Aristotle’s objective to establish and to define the different knowledge is related to epistemology, a branch of philosophy that if focused on the establishment of knowledge. This is important for knowledge managers to be able to know and be conscious of the importance of the knowledge they manage. Specifically, Aristotle’s view helped the knowledge managers appreciate and then segregate the different forms and classification of knowledge. His focus on the rules of the inductive and deductive thinking established the rules and guidelines for critical analysis of the different knowledge systems. Aristotle’s contribution in the foundations of scientific method specifically the importance of empirical basis in the establishment of knowledge is essential on the development of the body of knowledge presently used (AMDS 8800 Study Notes; Barnes 72-74). The message of Aristotle’s view then is for knowledge managers to be conscious of the different types of knowledge, skills and capabilities generated by different people and to appreciate and analyze them through critical study of important empirical evidences. Knowledge Management (KM) is a business model that is focused on the interdisciplinary management of knowledge in an organizational framework and objectives on the basis of disciplines such as business, economics, psychology, and information management. It is focused on the different issues related to people, technology, and processes. The process of KM involves accessing â€Å"knowledge from outside sources, then embedding and storing knowledge in the business processes, products and services.† These are then translated to the databases and documents,

Ipad Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ipad - Essay Example Let us first look at the features of the iPad. â€Å"There’s more to it. And even less of it.† this is the new tagline of the Apple store for the newly released iPad. The newly released iPad has two cameras for FaceTime and HD video recording. There is a dual core A5 chip, which I don’t even know what it means. It sounds so technical that I can feel that my nose is starting to bleed. I’m just kidding. The battery life of the iPad is 10 hours. That sounds amazing right? All in thinner, lighter design, the new iPad is even more amazing and even less like anything else. Once you pick-up IPad, it would be hard to put down. The iPad and the latest iPad 2, is 33 percent thinner and up to 15 percent lighter so it feels even more comfortable in your hands. There’s incredible technology under your fingers that makes surfing the web, checking the email, watching movies and reading books so natural. iPad has dual-core A5 chip. This technical term makes my head hurt. Kidding aside, the two powerful cores in one A5 chip mean iPad can do twice the work at once. You’ll know these changes when you surf the web, watch the movies, make FaceTime video calls and play games. Aren’t you excited to try the Facetime video calls? This will very useful to those who have their boyfriends or girlfriends. But it will be very scary to use this with our parents, right? I bet we’ll get the same lecture in life like we used to have when we are having dinner with our moms or dads perhaps. The two cameras on iPad, one on front and one on the back, may look tiny but they’re a big deal. The so-called Facetime video calling uses the two cameras so you can talk to your favourite people and see them smile and laugh back at you. For those game enthusiasts, we’ll this is good gadget for you. The graphic performance is nine times better which makes the gameplay on iPad even smoother and more realistic. The iPad also has the world†™s most advanced mobile operating system. iOS 4 lets you browse, read and see everything just by touching the screen. iPad also stays connected though wifi and 3G. Everything is at our fingertips. The multi-touch capability let us use our fingers to do everything. I hope you are all still ok listening to me. Am I boring you? Well, you have no choice, or else you’ll get detention. I’m just kidding. I don’t want to state all the features of the iPad because I believe my nose will bleed due to the technicalities. iPad may have a lot of features that can make us drool to buy one. But what is more important is to know what it can give us or its importance, right? Many new gadgets don't live up to the hype, but the iPad is one gadget that is as good as it looks. You could say that it’s somewhere in between a laptop computer and an iPhone, but really it’s more than that. If you're planning to get an iPad, then the first step should be to find out a bit more about what it can do. First, iPad is the best way to experience the web. iPad is used mainly to surf the internet. It is really convenient to surf the internet anywhere and anytime you want. Second, iPad is ideal for checking e-mail and sending short emails, especially when you’re on the go. iPad has a split-screen view and expansive onscreen keyboard where you can see and touch your email in ways you never could before. Third, iPad can be the world’s biggest cookbook. It is easier to cook having the recipe with you in the kitchen. There are great recipe websites

Video Case Study Write ups Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Video Case Study Write ups - Essay Example In this video, the host focused on gathering information from various sets of masses like peasants, millionaires, drag queens, students and many others. The central theme of the video is that as compared to the previous decades, the modern day Chinese masses is interested in graduating to a better life by making more money through their own method of working hard. It is interesting to point out that the video documentary brings into notice the relation of Chinese prosperity and American policy changes in the business front. Many well known companies like Ethan Allen, Wal-Mart as well as other well known retailers of the US market have focused on outsourcing their production lines in order to cut costs and generate high profit margins over the years. While this in turn promotes job loss in the American shores, yet it provides generates jobs as well as related economic prosperity in the Chinese market

Investigation of Flame Retardant Chemicals

Investigation of Flame Retardant Chemicals 1.0 Introduction Cotton has been used for textile fibre for a long time. It is cool and comfortable to wear. The air spaces within the fibres allow the fibre to absorb liquids. Cotton can be chemically treated to make it fire-resistant by soaking it into chemicals mixed with water. A fibre is a strand composed of polymer chains twisted around each other. All fabrics will burn with some being more combustible than other, as shown in Figure 2, combustion requires energy, fuel source and oxygen (), but their burning rates can be reduced with flame-retardants applied through chemical-treatment. Flame retardants are usually added to consumer products for furnituZhZhre, insulation, textiles and electronics to meet the flammability standards. The flammability is how easily something will burn-or-ignite, causing fire-or-combustion (Wikipedia, 2014). There are complete, incomplete combustion and charring occurs during incomplete combustion, which refers to burning in a lack of sufficient air. Not all carbon atoms form carbon dioxide, some or all may turn into carbon monoxide or forms pure carbon particles (soot) or deposits (char). Flame retardants are used for preventing fires from starting or for delaying fire, as well as limiting the spread of fire and minimise the fire damage. Solid-materials do-not burn directly; they must be decomposed by heat (pyrolysis) first to release flammable gases. When the flammable gas burns with oxygen in the air, visible flames will appear. However, if solid-materials do-not break-down into gases, they will only be slow smouldering and usually extinguish themselves. Especially if materials ‘char’, then form a stable-carbonaceous barrier which prevents-access of the flame to the-underlying material (EFRA, 2014). When materials have been ignited, the heat generated breaks down from long-chain solid molecules to smaller molecules which transpire as gases. Ammonium sulphate [(NH4)2SO4] is an inorganic salt with various commercial uses (Wikipedia, 2014), and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH4H2PO4) forms when a phosphoric acid solution is put into ammonia till the solution is significantly acidic. These are used as flame retardants in our experiment in investigate which chemical is a better flame retardant at their maximum and half concentration. Discussion Analysis The most effective flame retardant was judged by the average differences of mass before and after burning of ammonium sulphate (AS) and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) at their maximum (M) and half maximum (H) concentrations. The control has the highest differences of mass of 1.48g, because it fully burned after it is put on fire for three seconds. 5.62mol/L (M) AS and 3.48mol/L (M) ADH have average differences of mass of 0.2g and 0.073g, which are less than the 2.81mol/L (H)AS and 1.74mol/L (H)ADH. This show the chemicals were more effective at their maximum concentration. Due to an anomaly that occurred in the average area burnt data, the average area burnt result in Table 3.1.3 and Graph 3.2.2 for ADH solution cannot provide a high accuracy data, so this result will be disregarded. The percentage differences between the mass before burning and average mass were calculated for comparing and justified 3.48mol/L ADH was the best flame retardant in this experiment. Water had the highest percentage difference which proves that water has little or no flame retardant ability. Obviously, MADH has the least percentage difference which supports that ADH is a good flame retardant. A higher molarity resulted in a better flame retardant. Both chemicals had better results in resisting the burning process at maximum concentrations. There was lots of charring on fibres soaked in MADH after burning (black substances showed it was only burnt on the surface), and only a little amount of charring occurred on MAS’s fibre. The layer of carbon (black substances) on fibre’s/polymer’s surface is charring which proves the chemical is a good flame retardant. The more char fibre has, the more effective the chemical of that fibre coated with. When the fibres soaked in the other three solutions were burned, charring was only present on the edges. Charring occurs during incomplete combustion, which proves the lack of sufficient air during the burning, and therefore supports the result that 3.48mol/L ADH was the best flame retardant. [(NH4)2SO4] and ADH (NH4H2PO4) both have NH4 and hydrogen, however, the main difference is sulphate and phosphate. Although AS h as one more nitrogen and two more hydrogen atoms than ADH, from the results, element phosphate can be predicted as having a better flame retardant ability than element sulphate. Evaluation Improvements The results have a high level of consistency, as the range of values between trials was small, with a few anomalies. Table 7.3.1 shows the mass before and after burning of Trial 2 of the control (0.24g), which had a significant large disparity with the other trials’ data (0.04g 0.03g). Although it could be removed from calculation of average, due to its small effect on the overall results, it was kept. Table 7.3.1 also shows the amount of burnt area of Control Trial 2 (88 squares) was lower than the other two trials (both fully burned), and is therefore a significant anomaly. This occurred as the fibres weren’t always steadily put at the same spot in the flame. This could be improved by placing the fibre in the flame more carefully, and performing a few more trials to ensure the overall accuracy. Part of our group experiment was done twice, due to a systematic error. At first, the fibres coated with MADH and HADH were not timed, so the time that the fibres were soaked varied. The beakers might be put in the wrong concentration of ADH as it was marked. Therefore, those fibres might contain less or more solution, which explains the HADH solution’s results that appeared to be a better flame retardant than the MADH solution. A second attempt on the ADH solutions was successful, and showed much better results, matching the expected results. These results were used for analysing with the water and AS solutions’ data. At half maximum concentration, the molarity is lower than the maximum concentration, but in Table 3.1.3 result of 1.74 mol/L HADH had a smaller area burnt than the MADH. Table 7.3.2 also shows the unexpected results of area burnt for ADH. This may be a systematic error as human judgement was required to count the number of burnt squares. Burning time can be recorded to the future experiment, to determine the best flame retardant. The mass retained of chemicals at their maximum concentration should be twice of the half concentration mass retained. Table 3.1.5 shows fibres’ masses at maximum concentration is 1.236 (AS) and 1.289 (ADH) times of their half maximum concentration; Graph 2.3.4 shows the growing trend of the mass retained at their half and maximum concentration. The exponential trend due to when chemicals at their maximum concentration the mass retained won’t grow any higher. In this experiment AS and ADH weren’t actually done at the same concentration, so in future experiment the ultimate test of the best flame retardant is to do the chemicals at the same concentrations. Alternatively, aluminium potassium sulphate-12-water and disodium tetraborate-10-water can be added into the experiment, and investigate the best flame retardant.

Thoreau vs. Hawthorne :: comparison compare contrast essays

Thoreau vs. Hawthorne Personal Lives Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts on July 12, 1817 and died there peacefully on May 6, 1862. He was described by Hawthorne as "ugly as sin." He loved nature, and his constant preoccupation was exploring the woods and ponds making detailed observations of plants and creatures. Henry led a singular life, never marrying, and marching to his own drummer, as he put it. From 1845 to 1847, he lived alone in a small cabin he built by Walden Pond near Concord. He described this unique experiment in natural living in "Walden" criticizing those who "lead lives of quiet desperation" with all the trappings of customary society. His personal independence and straightforward manner was harsh to some people, and he gained very little recognition during his lifetime. Nathaniel Hawthorne was born on July 4, 1804 in Salem, Massachusetts, to a family that had been prominent in the area since colonial times. Hawthorne was very handsome and never had problems with looks. When Nathaniel was four, his father died on a voyage in Surinam. Hawthorne was extremely concerned with traditional values. From 1836 to 1844, the Boston-centered Transcendentalist movement, led by Ralph Waldo Emerson, was an important force in New England intellectual circles. The Transcendentalists believed that human existence transcended the sensory realm, and rejected formalism in favor of individual responsibility. The Scarlet Letter shows some Transcendentalist influence, including a belief in individual choice and consequence, and an emphasis on symbolism. Henry David Thoreau and Nathaniel Hawthorne are different and alike in many ways. Thoreau was a man that never married and believes each man should "march to his own drum" or go his own pace. Nathaniel Hawthorne on the other hand, was married very quickly. Thoreau was described "as ugly as sin with a long nose and queer mouth." Hawthorne was handsome on the outside, but depressed on the inside. Hawthorne was a Dark Romantic, while Thoreau was a Transcendentalist. Dominant Traits Henry David Thoreau's dominant trait was being a Transcendentalist. Transcendentalism is the belief asserting the existence of an ideal spiritual reality that transcends the experimental and scientific and is knowable through instinct.